Calibration phantom in clinical use 3D ultrasonography
1. Lou, E., Nguyen, D., Hill, D., Raso, J. (2021) 'Validation of a novel handheld 3D ultrasound system for imaging scoliosis – phantom study', IOS Press.
https://doi.org/10.3233/SHTI210444
2. Meszaros-Beller, L., Antico, M., Fontanarosa, D., Pivonka, P. (2023) ' Assessment of thoracic spinal curvatures in static postures using spatially tracked 3D ultrasound volumes: a proof-of-concept study' , Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13246-022-01210-7
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Qualitative evaluation of 3D ultrasonography in clinical practice (relative to MRI, radiography, or CT)
1. Bredahl, K., Long, A., Taudorf, M., et al. (2013) Volume Estimation of the Aortic Sac after EVAR Using 3-D Ultrasound - A Novel, Accurate and Promising Technique', European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, 45(5) pp. 450-455. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejvs.2012.12.018
2. Chen, W., Lou, E.H.M., Zhang, P.Q., (2013) 'Reliability of assessing the coronal curvature of children with scoliosis by using ultrasound images', Journal of Child Orthopedics, 7(6):521-9.

3. Chen, W., Le, L.H., Lou, E., (2012) 'Ultrasound Imaging of Spinal Vertebrae to Study Scoliosis', Open Journal of Acoustics, 2, 95-103.
https://doi.org/10.4236/oja.2012.23011
4. Götschi , T., Schulz, N., Snedeker , J.G., et al. (2021) 'Three-Dimensional Mapping of Shear Wave Velocity in Human Tendon: A Proof of Concept Study', Sensors, 21(5), 1655. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21051655

5. Passmore, E., Sangeux, M., (2016) 'Defining the medial-lateral axis of an anatomical femur coordinate system using freehand 3D ultrasound imaging' , Gait & Posture, vol(45), pp. 211216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2016.02.006
6. Zheng, Y., Lee, T. T., Lai, K. K., et al. (2016) 'A reliability and validity study for Scolioscan: a radiation-free scoliosis assessment system using 3D ultrasound imaging', Scoliosis and Spinal Disorders, 11, 13.
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Optimised intraoperative resection control using 3D ultrasonography
1. Selbekk, T., Jakola, A.S., Solheim, O. et al. (2013) 'Ultrasound imaging in neurosurgery: approaches to minimize surgically induced image artefacts for improved resection control', Acta Neurochirurgica volume 155, pp. 973–980. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00701-013-1647-7
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3D ultrasonography for anatomical reconstruction of preoperative template
1. Mahfouz, M.R., Abdel Fatah, E. E., Johnson, J.M., Komistek, R. D. (2021) 'A novel approach to 3D bone creation in minutes' , The Bone and Joint Journal , 103-B(6), 81–86. https://doi.org/10.1302/0301-620X.103B6.BJJ-2020-2455.R1
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3D ultrasonography for (unimodal or multimodal) image registration
1. Lang, A., Mousavi, P., Gill, S., et al. (2012) Multi-modal registration of speckle-tracked freehand 3D ultrasound to CT in the lumbar spine', Medical image Analysis, 16(3), pp. 675686. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.media.2011.07.006
2. Niu, K., Homminga, J., Sluiter, V.I., Sprengers, A., Verdonschot, N., (2018) 'Feasibility of Amode ultrasound based intraoperative registration in computer-aided orthopaedic surgery: A simulation and experimental study', PLoS ONE, 13(6): e0199136. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0199136
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Motion capture principle application
1.Zhou, Z., Wu, B., Duan, J., et al. (2017) 'Optical surgical instrument tracking system based.
on the principle of stereo vision', Journal of Biomedical Optics, 22(6), 065005. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.22.6.065005
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Intra-operative motion tracking using 3D Slicer and determining positional coordinates of fiducials
1. Xiaojun, C., Lu, X., Huixiang, W., et al. (2017) 'Development of a surgical navigation system based on 3D Slicer for intra-operative implant placement surgery', Medical Engineering & Physics, vol(41), pp.81-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medengphy.2017.01.005
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Synchronised motion capture with ultrasound-based image acquisition
1. Manal, K., Cowder, J.D., Buchanan, T.S. (2013) 'Subject-specific measures of Achilles tendon moment arm using ultrasound and video-based motion capture', Physiological Reports, 1(6). https://doi.org/10.1002/phy2.139
2. Cheng, L., Tavakoli, M. (2021) 'Neural network-based physiological organ motion prediction and robot impedance control for teleoperated beating-heart surgery' , Biomedical Signal Processing and Control, vol(66), 1746-8094. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bspc.2021.102423
3. Scha ̈fer, H., Damm, H., Friedrich, C.M. ( 2022) 'Heart Rate Estimation based on Optical Flow: Enabling Smooth Angle Changes in Ultrasound Simulation', BIOSIGNALS, pp. 236-243. https://doi.org/10.5220/0010902000003123
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